The website for collectors of writing equipment

WES bibliography

A bibliography of sources of information about writing and writing equipment. These  items are publications and therefore are only listed for reference purposes.

 WES bibliography
TitleDescription
Writing Instruments and Accessories", .This 144 page book looks at the whole field of writing equipment and accessories, with the collector in mind. It is well-written and its breadth makes it a valuable introduction to the area
"Ancient Books", The Penny Magazine, Vol.V,310-312, Aug.6, 1836, A brief description of wood, parchment and other writing surfaces in ancient times
Implements of Writing in the East",A brief discussion of ink and other writing materials in the Bible and ancient Middle East. Comparisons are made with 19th Century Middle Eastern equipment.
The Vindolanda Writing Tablets A brief, scholarly (but simply written) account of the Roman writing equipment uncovered at the Vindolanda (Northumberland) excavations of 1973.
Writing Materials of the East This 35 page booklet describes a very wide range of writing surfaces in the possession in the Department of Oriental Manuscripts and Printed Books of the British Library.
Ratcliff's Patent InkstandClear description-and good illustrations of an inkwell in which the area of ink surface presented to the air is sufficiently broad for easy pen dipping, but small enough to prevent undue evaporation. Rotating the device on its base pushes up fresh ink from a reservoir to the dipping well.
Joseph BramahChapter 9 of this biography of Bramah deals with his quill cutting invention
Hancock's Steel Pen RenovatorMentions drawbacks of steel pens and describes with the aid of an illustration a device for wiping grease, clogged material and corrosion from pens.
Larger than LifeBiography of American entrepreneur, Armand Hammer. Chapters 8 and 9 discuss his relationship with Lenin and how he set up wood pencil and steel nib industries in the Soviet Union.
Pens and How to Use ThemThis is a book about lettering in relation to pens, and is of interest from the writing equipment point of view because a make and nib number is recommended for every one of several scores of writing styles illustrated
The House that Thomas BuiltA history of the firm of Thomas De La Rue. Pages 140-142 deal with the launching of the Onoto pen, which was designed by George Sweetser. A photo of Sweetser who did a stage act dressed in female garb (and on roller skates) is included
Fountain PensVery uneven but, nonetheless, informative account of some aspects of the history of the American fountain pen (50 pages). Nine pages are concerned with pen repair techniques, and the book concludes with 19 excellent colour plates devoted to the historical development (to 1950) of the major American models
Collecting and Valueing Early Fountain PensThe title is misleading; apart from a half page introduction and a two page "Fountain Pen Price Guide", this book consists entirely of advertisement reproductions in black and white. The period covered is 1886 to 1949.
Another Knee Writing Board, and How to Make ItA description of how to make a simple device that will function as a writing surface and also hold in place paper, envelopes, pens and the other necessities for fireside writing.
Improved Dotting PenA letter with accompanying diagrams describing a design for a device to make dotted lines.
Hikki yohin hyakka'. (All about Writing Instruments)History of writing instruments and accessories. Black and white photos, 296 pages.
Gekkan Jimuyohin'. Monthly magazine of office equipment news 
Bunbogu no kenkyu'. (Stationery Magazine). Special Issue: Kurashi no sekkei, No. 6Full colour illustrations. Includes an article on Masa Sunami's collection
Pens: Ancient and Modern', Three lecturettes given at Stationers' Hall. In 'Craft LecturesNote that from p.85, all three lecturers deal with questions, and from the beginning of the third 'lecturette' on, there are some lively exchanges on the relative merits of quill, steel nib and fountain pen. In St. Brides Printing Library and London University Library.
Sekai no Bunbogu'. (The World of Stationery). Special Issue: Kurashi no sekkei No 117Introduces many kinds of desk equipment. 196 pages. Includes an article on the collector, Hiroshi Nakazono
Mit Stift und Feder. Kleine Kulturgeschichte der Schreib und Zeichenwerkzeuge165 page history of the development and manufacture of a wide range of writing and drawing implements. 113 illustrations.
Shosai no kodougutachi' (Personal Desk Equipment) 216 pages, paperbackGenichiro Hori is a columnist and professor at Tokyo University.
Pens and InkA survey of the writing equipment industry at the turn of the century. Predicts that the typewriter will soon oust the steel pen-and, implicitly, ascribes little significance to the development of the foutain pen. In St. Brides Printing Library
Bungu Hattasushi'. (Development of Stationery)100 pages of history of stationery. Has many advertisements from the 1930's.
WritingPut out by the Victoria and Albert Museum. Very elementary 72 page introduction to the field of writing equipment. It has three interesting features. First, as part of the 'The Arts and Living Series', it apparently draws its illustrations (which are ample) from the Victoria and Albert Museum. Second the author makes many literary and historical allusions. Third, it has a chapter on writing furniture, a topic hardly dealt with in other introductions. In print. £2.95.
Suteishonarii to Mannenhitsu no hanashi'. (Stationery and Fountain Pens)A 114 page hard cover book for beginners.
Bunqu no Rekishi'. (History of Stationery)245 pages. Out of print
Yesterday's Shopping', Reprint of the Army and Navy Stores Catalogue, 1907Over 100 pages of this 1282 page book are devoted to stationery and fancy goods, including writing papers, envelopes, cards, pens,, pencils, pen nibs (3 pages), inkstands, pen trays, typewriters, copying presses, copying apparatus, book rests, letter and parcel post balances, stationery cabinets, letter boxes, writing tables, travelling writing cases, blotting books, notebooks, penwipers, paper knives, seals, S. Mordan pencil cases and pen holders (4 pages), desk pen holders, fountain pens, stylographic pens, letter trays, etc.
The Quill PenThis is part of Item 23. Contains some important observations on the history of quill pen manufacture and indicates that the firm of Henry Hill were still in business in 1925.
  
The First Italic Pen', pages 265 to 267 in 'Calligraphy & Palaeography', Edited by A.S.OsleyAn account of how Hughes developed the Flight Commander nib in conjunction with Alfred Fairbank. Interesting in relation to both the personalities and technical details.
The Steel PenPart of Item 24. An insider's account of the industry.
The Gold Pen - Its History and ManufactureDeals with gold nib manufacture in the U.S. at the date of publication. Links with English inventors and manufacturers mentioned. In St. Brides Printing Library
'Mannenhistu no zukai to insyo katarogu'. (How Do You Feel About Fountain Pens?). IllustratedIn the Meiji period, 1867 to 1912, the Maruzen Company was a pioneer importer of the products of Europe and America. After founding the fi m in 1867, Yuteki Hayashi devoted himself to the movement of creating a new Japanese culture which was led by Yukichi Fukuzawa (who later established Keio Gijuku University).  This book is an illustrated catalogue, and also contains a collection of articles from the magazine 'Gaku no to', or 'Kauto', a monthly publication of the Maruzen company. Each number included an article by a well-known writer or philosopher of the day about his feelings about that extraordinary writing instrument, the fountain pen. The magazine introduced a flavour of the culture of Europe and America and particularly that of Britain into Japan, and used this as a vehicle to launch a great campaign to make the fountain pen popular among the general public.  Contributors included noted writers like Soseki Natsume, Hakushu Kitahara, Rohan Kouda and Roan Uchida. They wrote about the Onoto, Pelican, Orion, Caws, Waterman and others.  It would be no exaggeration to say that the movement associated with Fukuzawa and his colleagues helped motivate Euro-Americanization of Japan in the Meiji period. This book is not merely a catalogue; it is full of the profundity of the Meiji era, and is intended to show the fountain pen in a cultural context and to induce the people to turn their eyes towards Europe and America.
'M Fusetsu Gojiunen', (The Story of the past 50 years)199 page paper back. Shyunichi Nakata is the founder of the Platinum Fountain Pen Co. Ltd., and this book tells the story of the Platinum brand. Platinum was established in 1919
'Pilot no Koseki', (A Pilot's Wake), . Full-colour illustrations. Hard cover. Dummy nib on cover. Out of printRyosuke Namiki was one of the founders of the Pilot Company, and 'Namiki' pens were marketed in Britain in the 1930's. Pilot was established in 1918.
Pilot TimesQuarterly information for dealers which has been published by the Pilot Fountain Pen Co. Ltd.. since 1920. (Other makers also currently publish house magazines; for example, the Sailor Fountain Pen Co. Ltd.: 'Sailor Tsushin', and the Platinum Fountain Pen Co. Ltd.: 'Platinum News'.
'The Fountain PenPart of Item 24. Brief observations on pen manufacture
Senpitsu, Mannenpen, Mannenhitsu'. (Stylographic and Early Modern Fountain Pen187 pages (11 x 15.5 mm). No photos
'The Mannenhitsu'. (The Fountain Pen). . (In the title, 'the' is in the English script and 'Mannenhitsu' is in Japanese)The late Haruo Umeda is the most famous of Japanese collectors.  Black and white photos. 250 pages. Hard cover.
'Mannenhitsu Hakubutsu Syusyukan'. (Fountain pen collecting)This book has several colour photos. 275 pages. Hard cover. A revised edition of Item 50.
'Mannenhitsu'. (Fountain Pens).This book is a colour book, No. 89 of the Heibonsha series. It has similar content to items 50 and 51, with the addition of a special discussion of Pilot pens, including photos of the manufacturing process
Wada Setsuji'. Shufu no tomo, 1975A biography of Setsuji Wada, who was President of the Pilot Fountain Pen Co. Ltd.
'275 Jahre StaedtIer-Stifte, 1662-1937'An 80 page history of the manufacturing of pencils and related products and of the Staedtler firm
'De Steen der Wijzen, Algemeen ReceptenboekPages 15-23 give many recipes for writing inks
'Manuel du Fabricant d'Encres, Cirages, Colles' 
'Manuel Formulaire pour ]a petite industrie chimicotechnique'Contains 9 pages with recipes for inks
'Traité géneral de la fabrication des encres à écrire, dessiner, d'imprimerie et annexes' 
'A Series of Articles on Writing Materials from the Saturday Magazine' This reprints 21 pages of the Saturday Magazine from the 1830's,and deals with quills, steel pens, paper, parchment, inkstands and related topics. A most interesting source
A History of Inventions, Discoveries and Origins', English translation by William Johnston, 4th EditionVolume 1 contains articles on sympathetic ink and sealing wax and, most important, one on the early usage of quills for writing.  A reprint of the latter article is available from Philip Pooleat 50p inc. post.  The Poole reprint is from an earlier edition. Many of the footnotes in the Poole reprint are in Latin or Greek. This will be a trival consideration for most readers, and if the footnotes are required they can be found in English by consulting the 4th edition.
The Enormous File - A Social History of the OfficeIn print. See review in Journal No.6
Cumberland HeritageChapter 3 (25 pages) starts with a history of graphite mining, graphite being originally used for a variety of purposes including the casting of cannon balls. Its use for the making of pencils, however, gradually predominated, and the chapter goes to describe various early forms of pencil and the manufactories that produced them. This a key source of pencil history, and is cited by J.I. Whalley in her book on writing equipment. 3 photos
Ink Manufacture' 2nd English editionA book of recipes for writing inks, as well as inks for other purposes. Easy to follow: virtually no specialised technical knowledge is required to understand the recipes
Ink Bottles and InkwellsIn print. See review in Journal No. 6.
Inkstands and Inkwells: A Collector's GuideIn Print. See review in Journal No.6
Pens and How to Use ThemThis is a book about lettering, mainly for obsolete technical purposes: legal work, architectural work, etc. It is, however, of considerable interest from the steel pen point of view because it mentions by name several hundred steel pens, many still obtainable, and illustrates the lettering that can be done with each.
How It Is MadeChapter 23 gives a 14 page illustrated description of a visit to the William Mitchell factory in about 1907. This book went through numerous reprintings and is not too difficult to find.
Pounce Boxes and Their UsesAbout the history of pounce, with rather more about boxes per se than Entry 71.
Changing Uses of the Pounce Pot'. Brief article on the history of the use of pounce rather than pounce pots, with some comments on blotting paper
Collectible Fountain Pens' In print. See review in Journal No.6.
 'Official P.F.C. Pen GuideIn Print. See review in Journal No.6
TapermakingIn print. See review in this issue
L'Aventure Multiple de outils de 1'ecritureA history of writing equipment, including steel pens. 148 pages.
The Spirit of the Letter in PaintingA study of thirty-two masterpieces from Rembrandt to Renoir .... in which a letter is the keynote of the composition." Some of the paintings show writing equipment other than notepaper. The paintings might provide an excellent subject for an essay on writing equipment history
Education in Ancient RomeContains an excellent scholarly description on the writing equipment of the Roman school, with illustrations of styli, reed pens, ink pots and exercise books. In print
Papyrus in Classical AntiquityOne of the few full-length books on a single writing equipment item. Written for the scholar, but presenting no problems for the interested layman. Deals with everything from the habitats of the plant to the manufacture and sale of the finished product. A book of major importance for the student of writing equipment
One Hundred Great Product DesignsOpinionated, but with some interesting facts on the Parker 51 and the Pentel (one page each).
The Sources of InventionThis authoratative book deals with early technical development of the ball-point pen as a case study (pages 234-5).
Design For The Real WorldAn important book that argues for social responsibility in product design. P.27 presents the intriguing argument that Americans bought the immediate post-war leaky Reynold's ballpoint in vast numbers because"it symbolised the dawn of the new era."
Inks: Their Composition and ManufactureThis is the 4th edition of the book by C.A. Mitchell and T.C. Hepworth bearing the same title. Just over half the book is devoted to a technical discussion of writing inks, and it contains just about everything you are every likely to want to know about the subject
The Endless WebThe Story of John Dickinson & Co. Mostly tedious company history, but there are useful early chapters on the founder and his inventions. Chapter 6 on stamps and envelopes will be of interest to postal history buffs. Not difficult to pick up second-hand.
Pencil Making at KeswickInteresting and usefully illustrated article about a visit to Banks and Co
'Les Origines de la Plume JA very short but intriguing article about William Mitchell's invention of 'lettered' pens and, in particular, of the design of 'J' nib for music writing. (That this was its original purpose is supported by the fact that it is decribed as being adapted to this objective in a number of early catalogues).
Who Invented Stationers' Carded GoodsAccording to this article the inventor was John Heath (at that time trading as Thomas Lowe) in 1853. The same claim, with interesting background information, is presented in Vol. XLVIII, No. 6. Whole No. 1067, Feb. 7, 1901
The Birmingham Pen Trade-Sources for Study15 page duplicated A4 booklet. The first two pages introduce reprints of four articles. Two articles describe visits to Hinks, Wells and to Brandauer respectively. A third reprints the description of a visit to William Mitchell described in Entry 69. The fourth consists of the article by Timmins described in Entry 100.
The Manufacture of Steel Pens in BirminghamDescribes a visit to the Hinks, Wells factory. Reprinted in 'The Birmingham Pen Trade', Entry 93.
Stalpennans ratta behandling'The proper use of the steel pen'. 28 pages on how to use pens, make steel pen ink, and related topics
Josiah MasonA biography of the great pioneer of steel pen manufacture. Very well worth reading, despite the fact that it is unabashed hadiography
Bemerkungen uber die Stahlfeder42 pages. Discusses the use and repair of steel pens and the making of non-corrosive ink. In the University of Jena library
Midland Manufactures - A visit to the Steel Pen Works of Messrs. C. Brandauer and Co., BirminghamDescribes the manufacturing process. Reprinted in 'The Birmingham Steel Pen Trade', Entry 93.
Longmore's Patent Self-Adjusting Spherical PenholderDescribes the patent, with some comments on penholder design.
The Story of Sir Josiah Mason'Likely to be found bound with Taylor's 'The Story of James Nasmyth' under the general title 'Stories of Noble Lives,'Nelson, 1898. Apparently based on Bunce (Item 96 above) and written as an 'improving' tale for children. Presents all the main details of Mason s life, and worth reading if you cannot obtain a copy of Bunce
The Birmingham Steel Pen TradeThe whole book was reprinted by Cass in 1969 (and is still in print). The article alone is reprinted in 'The Birmingham Pen Trade', Entry 93.  A brief discussion of the economics and structure of the first thirty-five years of the pen industry.
Mines and Mining in the Lake DistrictPages 111 to 114 give a brief, interesting account of the history of graphite mining in Borrowdale
Illustrations of CheapnessMost interesting article relating the use of the steel pen to the spread of education and introduction of the penny post. "The demand for the instrument, and the means of supplying it, came together."
The Birmingham Pen TradeThis is a four page leaflet put out by the museum. Short, well-written, informative
The Rise and Fall of the Pen Nib TradeThe chief interest of this short article is in capturing the end of an era atmosphere of 1952 : "There have been many improvements in fountain pen construction and in consequence the shadow across the Birmingham steel trade has grown heavier."
How to Make a Writing BoardSimilar to the article mentioned in Bibliography entry No.19
The Surprise PenDescribes how to construct a dip-pen holder so that a loud bang will occur when the pen is put to paper by the unwary
'Cedar Pencils in the MakingContains some interesting photographs of pencil-related Lakeland buildings and scenes
My Museum of Eastern Curios', Part V: Writing MaterialsOne page article about writing equipment mentioned in The Old Testament
Fountain Pens of the WorldA beautifully produced and illustrated, authoritive account of both major and minor manfacturers around the world. He has had access to some major sources of pens so that the coverage of prototypes is unusual
Fountain Pens.  USA & UK 
The Book of Fountain Pens & Pencils264 colour pages of illustrations of pens, pencils and advertising materials with $ prices.  Insert with more recent prices.  Includes a chapter of advice to collectors and another on pen cleaning
Pens & Pencils.  A Collector's Handbook154 pages of illustration of pens and pencils with $ prices.  Includes advice on collecting and brief histories of the major pen manufacturers.  Mixture of colour and B&W.
Collectible Fountain Pens' Histories of major manufacturers, advertising material and pens.  Price $ estimates are inclded and with a recent price update.  Many pen pictures, all B&W
An Illustrated Guide to Antique Writing InstrumentsA5 style format.  Short histories of major manufactures and illustrations of a range of pens of many manufacturers to size and with $ prices.  160 colour pages.
Fountain Pens Past & PresentCollectors guide
A Passion for Pens 
Montblanc Diary & Collectors Guide132 pages of pens, cataogues and advertising
The Fountain Pens of Esterbrook 
Fountain Pens & Pencils.  The Golden Age of Writing Instruments300 pages
The Incredible Ball Point Pen 
Victorian Pencils.  From Tools to Jewels224 pages
Collectible Stars92 pages on Montbanc from 1947 to 1979
Millers Pens & Writing Equipment. A Collector's GuideA handsome A5 formatted 64 colour page starter book for a collector.  150 items displayed with £ prices
The Fountain Pen - A Collector's Companion 
Fountain Pens - Vintage & Modern 
Fountain Pens 
Bonhams Chelsea Vintage Fountain Pen Auction 12th April 1991Catalogue of the auction
W.H.Hayden & Co. Ltd. Catalogue 1934. A4 pages, mainly in lustrous black and white - printed from wood blocks to a superb standard.  Some pages are colour.  This is a beauty!  There are sixteen sections covering everything sold in the stationery trade at that time including: 'Glass inks and inkstands'; 'Law Stationery'; 'Duplicating Apparatus'; 'Office & School Sundries'.
Section 1 of No.142. Paper and Books. Pages 1-84. Supplied comb bound with acetate covers.
Section 3 of No.142. Fountain and Steel Pens. Pages 97-140. Supplied comb bound with acetate covers. Four pages are in
Section 4 of No.142. Penholders and Pencils. Pages 141-199. Supplied comb bound with acetate covers
Section 12 of No.142.Office and School Sundries.  Pp.344-418. Supplied comb bound with acetate covers.
Abridgements of Specifications relating to Writing Instruments and Materials", Office of the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions, Writing instrument patent abridgements are given for the period 1635 to 1866 in Number 37 of the unillustrated "old style" or "Woodcroft" abridgement volumes. Like the abridgements for later periods, it is an invaluable source of information about all aspects of writing equipment. The introduction by B. Woodcroft is of considerable interest in its own right
"The Story of Writing" Studio Vista,An elementary account of the history of writing. There is some description of writing instruments. Beautifully illustrated.
Writing Antiques", Shire Publications Ltd., A 32 pager booklet written for collectors. Over 50% of the space is devoted to illustrations. Most types of writing equipment get a mention, with inkwells getting the most concentrated attention